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KMID : 0984920160180010081
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Journal of Skin Barrier Research
2016 Volume.18 No. 1 p.81 ~ p.81
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Basic Concept of Epidermal Barrier
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Lee Hae-Jin
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Abstract
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The skin, as an interface between the organism and the external environment, plays a major role in protecting and supporting the life it encloses. Elias proposed the `brick and mortar model`, in which the SC is composed of flat cells of corneocytes with cornified envelope and cytoskeletal elements, as well as corneodesmosomes (bricks) surrounded by lipid-enriched intercellular domains matrix (mortar). Since then, many studies have been performed to elucidate the role of the SC at the organismal, biochemical and molecular biological levels. During epidermal differentiation, lipids are synthesized in the keratinocytes and extruded into the extracellular domains, where they form extracellular lipid-enriched layers. Meanwhile, Human epidermis displays a characteristic calcium gradient, with lower calcium levels in the basal and spinous layers, which increases progressively towards the outer SG. The Ca2+ gradient has been shown to regulate lamellar body secretion independent of barrier formation. Changes in epidermal differentiation and lipid composition lead to a disturbed skin barrier as well as loss of calcium gradient, which is important for the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, ichthyosis and contact dermatitis. In this review, we discuss the basic concept and components of epidermal barrier.
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KEYWORD
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Epidermal permeability barrier, Transepidermal water loss, Two compartment model
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